| First temple BCE Iron age 1200 – 586 BCE | 1000 BCE 1040-970 | King David rule Israel from Hebron 7 years, then conquers Jerusalem from the Jebusite and make it the new capital. Rule another 33 years to total of 40 years |
| 970-931 | King Solomon build the first temple from Lebanon Cedar | |
| 931-911 | Rehoboam and Jeroboam split the Kingdom to Israel & Judea | |
| 733 | Tiglath Pileser III king of Assyria ruin Israel | |
| 586 | Nebuchadrezzar II the ruler of Babylon ruin the first temple and take the Jews to Babylonian Exile | |
| Persion period Second Temple 515 BCE – 70AD Hellenistic period (4th – 1st century) Roman period 63bce – 324 ad | 538 | Cyrus the Great gave to the world Cyrus cylinder which permit the Jewish exiles to return from Babylon |
| 515 | After The Return to Zion the returnees Zerubbabel Ezra Nehemiah build The Second Temple | |
| 332 | Alexander the Great conquers Judea without fight | |
| 164 | Judas Maccabeus purify the temple and since then Jews celbreate the 8 days holiday Hanukkah also known as the Festival of Lights, commemorating the rededication of the temple | |
| 63 | After the death of Queen Salome_Alexandra civil war between Hyrcanus II against his relative Aristobulus II give Judea to Pompeius Magnus | |
| 40-37 | Antigonus the Hasmonean led, along with Barzapharnes, and Parthian invasion of Judea, seized Jerusalem, and sent his uncle Hyrcanus II to Babylon in chains | |
| 37-4 | Herod the Great known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and Judea , including the rebuilding of the Second Temple | |
| 0 -30 | Jesus was born in Bethlehem and crucified in Jerusalem | |
| 44 | Agrippa I the last Jewish King build the third wall | |
| 66-73 | The Great Revolt Jewish – Roman war | |
| 70 | Titus destroy the Second Temple | |
| 132-135 | The Second Revolt led by Simon bar Kokhba | |
| 135 | Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus ruin Jerusalem and all Judea. rebuild and rename Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina and rename Province Judea to Province Syria Palaestina which later on remain Palestina | |
| 324 ad – 638ad Byzantine period | 325 | Constantinus sent is mother Queen Helen to Build The Holly sepulcher and Jerusalem become Christian |
| 614-628 | Jerusalem is conquered by the Persian | |
| 628-638 | Byzantine took over again | |
| First Muslim period | 638 | Umar ibn al-Khattāb conquers Jerusalem from the Byzantine |
| 660-750 | The Umayyad dynasty | |
| 691 | Abd al-Malik finish construction the Dome of the Rock | |
| 750-1073 | Abbasid and Fatimid | |
| 1073 | Seljuk conquers Jerusalem from the Muslims | |
| Crusader period | 1099-1187 (1291 Acre) | The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian kingdom established in the Levant in 1099 after the First Crusade. It lasted less than two hundred years, until 1291 when the last remaining outpost, Acre, was destroyed by the Mamluks. |
| Second Muslim period | 1187-1250 | Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria, Iraq Ayyubid dynasty, |
| 1250-1517 | Mameluk, was a slave soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid. Baibars in 1291 finish the Crusaders | |
| 1517-1917 | The Ottoman / Turkish Empire in Jerusalem 8000-1000 people | |
| British period | 1917-1948 | General Allenby enter Jerusalem on 11 Decenber 1917 and the british leave the aria only after the UN resulation from 29 November 1947 |
| Jordanian | 1948-1967 | Hashemite King Abdalah and his grandson King Hussein ruler of Jerusalem |
| Israel | 1967 | In the Six-Day War the Third Arab-Israeli War on 7th June Old Jerusalem and east part of Jerusalem became Israeli territory after almost 2000 years |
Off-the-beaten-path Tours of the Holy Land
